A LinkedHashSet has a real iteration order, but pre-Java-21 Set has no getLast(): [home, search, product/42, cart, checkout] Old #1 - stream().reduce((a,b) -> b): checkout Old #2 - stream().skip(size - 1).findFirst(): checkout Old #3 - new ArrayList<>(set).get(size-1): checkout New - set.getLast(): checkout All four agree: true Why the old ways were worse than they looked: - reduce((a,b)->b) walks the ENTIRE set, every time: O(n). - skip(size-1).findFirst() also walks the entire stream pipeline up to size-1: O(n). - new ArrayList<>(set) copies every element just to throw the copy away: O(n) time AND space. - set.getLast() walks the SequencedCollection's default path to reversed().iterator().next(); for LinkedHashSet specifically, that's backed by LinkedHashMap's existing doubly-linked insertion-order list, so it resolves in O(1) in the JDK's actual implementation - though that O(1) is an implementation detail of LinkedHashMap, not a guarantee the interface makes. On a List this was never actually hard - list.get(list.size()-1) already worked. list.getLast() = c (same answer, no size() arithmetic, and it now reads identically whether the underlying type is a List, a Deque, or a LinkedHashSet).