Add lru-cache module: LinkedHashMap and hand-rolled DLL LRU, coarse-lock/striped thread-safe variants, broken ReadWriteLock demo, Caffeine reference, 43 tests, JMH harness

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5.5 <[email protected]>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_017ic4b4VQVEJWetTT1dYzyJ

lru-cache/scripts/run-all.sh

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+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Regenerates every file in output/. Needs JDK 25 and Maven. First Maven run must be online.
+# 01-08 are written by JUnit tests that assert the same facts (deterministic).
+# 09 (broken ReadWriteLock demo) and 10 (JMH) are MEASUREMENTS: they vary per run and machine.
+set -euo pipefail
+cd "$(dirname "$0")/.."
+mkdir -p output
+mvn -B -q -T1 test
+mvn -B -q -T1 compile
+{ java -cp target/classes com.ankurm.interviewlab.lrucache.BrokenLockDemo 2>&1 | grep -v '^Picked up JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS' ; } > output/09-broken-readwritelock-demo.txt
+scripts/run-jmh.sh > /dev/null
+echo "done:"; ls -1 output

lru-cache/scripts/run-jmh.sh

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+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Short JMH run: INDICATIVE only. One fork, 3 x 1s warmup, 5 x 2s measurement per cell.
+# On a shared 2-vCPU sandbox the absolute numbers move 10-30% between runs; read the ORDER and
+# the SHAPE (who collapses with more threads), not the third digit.
+set -euo pipefail
+cd "$(dirname "$0")/.."
+mkdir -p output
+mvn -B -q -T1 compile
+mvn -B -q dependency:build-classpath -Dmdep.outputFile=target/cp.txt
+CP="target/classes:$(cat target/cp.txt)"
+J="java -cp $CP org.openjdk.jmh.Main LruBenchmark -f 1 -wi 3 -w 1 -i 5 -r 2 -tu us"
+{
+  echo "JMH 1.37 / $(java -version 2>&1 | grep -v Picked | head -1)"
+  echo "cores=$(nproc)  loadavg-at-start=$(cut -d' ' -f1-3 /proc/loadavg)  (shared sandbox: INDICATIVE)"
+  echo "workload: get; on miss put. Keys uniform over 2048, capacity 1024. ops/microsecond, higher is better."
+  echo
+  echo "### 1 thread, all implementations"
+  $J -t 1 2>&1 | grep -E '^LruBenchmark|^Benchmark'
+  for t in 2 4; do
+    echo
+    echo "### $t threads, thread-safe implementations only"
+    $J -t $t -p "impl=synchronizedMap(LinkedHashMap),synchronized,reentrantlock,striped16,striped16-lowbits,caffeine" 2>&1 | grep -E '^LruBenchmark|^Benchmark'
+  done
+} > output/10-jmh-indicative.txt
+cat output/10-jmh-indicative.txt