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Claude 09631dcaab Add virtual-threads-benchmark-webflux: the WebFlux leg of the three-way benchmark
Fixes found during self-correction before publishing:
- /stream used Flux.interval(), which ticks on its own wall-clock schedule
  independent of downstream demand and threw OverflowException under a slow
  subscriber; switched to Flux.range(), which has no independent production
  schedule and can never outrun demand.
- Single-trial HTTP load tests on this shared sandbox swung by more than 50%
  run to run (795ms-1247ms observed on the identical /io endpoint back to
  back) -- large enough to flip which threading model looked faster. Fixed
  by taking the median of 5 independent trials for the I/O-bound benchmark
  and the median of 3 for the event-loop-starvation benchmark, rather than
  reporting a single noisy run as if it were precise.
- The event-loop-starvation test's first cut used only 8 concurrent /cpu
  requests as background load, which drained through the 4 event-loop
  threads well inside the /io measurement window and produced an
  inconsistent, sometimes-inverted result across runs; raising to 60 fixed
  the under-loading problem but still flaked once during verification
  (372ms vs 374ms p99, a real tie). Final fix: 150 concurrent requests plus
  the median-of-3 trials above.

Also adds StreamBackpressureTest, a StepVerifier proof that the /stream
endpoint never emits ahead of its subscriber's outstanding requests, and
updates the module's docs to report the de-noised numbers with an explicit
methodology note on how they compare to the single-trial platform/virtual-
thread numbers reused from a different post.
2026-09-19 09:34:18 +00:00

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CPU-bound endpoint (/cpu vs /cpu-offloaded, 20,000x SHA-256), concurrency=60, 2 vCPU sandbox, Spring Boot 4.1.1 / JDK 25.0.4.1
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LoopResources.DEFAULT_IO_WORKER_COUNT (Netty event-loop threads) = 4
Runtime.availableProcessors() (Schedulers.parallel() thread count) = 2
webflux naive (Mono.fromCallable, no subscribeOn) : total=60 success=60 wall=302ms p50=145ms p99=288ms
webflux offloaded (subscribeOn(Schedulers.parallel())) : total=60 success=60 wall=271ms p50=142ms p99=261ms
Counter-intuitive result, and worth stating honestly rather than forcing the expected
story: on THIS box, the two wall times are close, because Reactor Netty's default event-
loop pool (DEFAULT_IO_WORKER_COUNT = max(availableProcessors(), 4) = 4 here) is actually
LARGER than Schedulers.parallel()'s pool (sized to availableProcessors() = 2). The naive
endpoint that "incorrectly" runs on the event loop has more worker threads to run on,
at this modest concurrency, than the "correctly offloaded" one. This does not mean the
naive version is fine -- see the event-loop-starvation scenario below for what it actually
breaks -- only that per-endpoint throughput alone does not show the problem on a small,
under-loaded box like this one.