# Spring Boot 4.1.1 application (webmvc + actuator + validation + prometheus), fat jar 25M
# Docker Engine 29.4.3, classic overlay2 store. 3 startup runs each, median shown.
# 'on disk' = docker image inspect .Size (uncompressed). 'pushed' = layer blobs + config in the registry (compressed).

variant                on disk    pushed  layers user      shell  packages          ready ms   Started       RSS  JVM
fatjar-jdk                456M      178M       7 root      yes    115 (dpkg)            5362    3.932s  169.5MiB  Eclipse 25.0.4
fatjar-jre                377M      144M       7 root      yes    106 (dpkg)            5091    3.944s  182.1MiB  Eclipse 25.0.4
layered-jre               377M      144M      11 root      yes    106 (dpkg)            4272    3.356s  169.5MiB  Eclipse 25.0.4
layered-alpine            251M       98M      10 root      yes    44 (apk)              4634    3.775s  145.9MiB  Eclipse 25.0.4
layered-distroless        252M       97M      39 65532     no     25 (status.d)         4118    3.254s  164.3MiB  Eclipse 25.0.4.1
jlink-distroless          119M       76M      39 65532     no     24 (status.d)         4386     3.39s  165.7MiB  Eclipse 25.0.4
aot-cache                 440M      160M      12 root      yes    106 (dpkg)            2412    1.638s  174.6MiB  Eclipse 25.0.4
buildpacks                345M      125M      20 1002:1001 no     10 (status.d)         4726    3.615s  183.6MiB  BellSoft 25.0.4
jib                       377M      144M      10 root      yes    106 (dpkg)            4323    3.457s  162.5MiB  Eclipse 25.0.4