Add jdk28-zgc: ZGC startup and warmup baseline on JDK 25/27/28-ea, and a probe for JEP 545/546
Spring Boot 4.1.1 harness measuring first-response time versus initial heap size and a 20,000-request warmup. Shows -XX:+ZAdaptiveHeapSizing is not yet in any build. Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5.5 <[email protected]> Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01WzVQ6zFh9cuLPj9RSbRH8U
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Claude Sonnet 5.5
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import java.net.URI;
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import java.net.http.*;
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import java.util.*;
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import java.util.concurrent.*;
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import java.util.concurrent.atomic.*;
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/** Fires TOTAL requests with THREADS threads and reports how long each batch of BATCH took. */
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public class Warmup {
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public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
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int port = Integer.parseInt(a[0]);
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int total = 20_000, batch = 2_000, threads = 4;
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HttpClient c = HttpClient.newBuilder().version(HttpClient.Version.HTTP_1_1).build();
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HttpRequest rq = HttpRequest.newBuilder(URI.create("http://localhost:" + port + "/hello")).build();
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AtomicInteger done = new AtomicInteger();
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long[] batchEnd = new long[total / batch];
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long t0 = System.nanoTime();
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ExecutorService ex = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(threads);
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List<Future<?>> fs = new ArrayList<>();
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for (int t = 0; t < threads; t++) fs.add(ex.submit(() -> {
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try {
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while (true) {
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int n = done.incrementAndGet();
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if (n > total) return null;
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c.send(rq, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.discarding());
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if (n % batch == 0) batchEnd[n / batch - 1] = System.nanoTime();
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}
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} catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); }
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}));
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for (Future<?> f : fs) f.get();
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ex.shutdown();
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StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("batch ms:");
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long prev = t0;
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for (long e : batchEnd) { sb.append(' ').append((e - prev) / 1_000_000); prev = e; }
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System.out.println(sb);
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System.out.println("total ms: " + (prev - t0) / 1_000_000);
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}
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}
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Executable
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#!/usr/bin/env bash
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# Regenerates every file in output/. Set J25, J27, J28 to the three JDK home directories.
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# Timing results drift between runs and machines; treat them as indicative, not exact.
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set -u
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HERE="$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd)"
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OUT="$HERE/../output"; mkdir -p "$OUT"
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: "${J25:?}" "${J27:?}" "${J28:?}"
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export JDK_CLIENT="$J25"
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RUNS=${RUNS:-5}
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# 01 - what does each JDK say about the ZGC flags the two JEPs talk about?
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{
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for p in "25|$J25" "27|$J27" "28-ea|$J28"; do
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v=${p%%|*}; h=${p#*|}
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echo "== JDK $v"
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"$h/bin/java" -version 2>&1 | grep -v Picked | sed -n 1p
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"$h/bin/java" -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:+UseZGC -XX:+PrintFlagsFinal -version 2>&1 \
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| grep -E ' (InitialHeapSize|MaxHeapSize|SoftMaxHeapSize|ZUncommit|ZUncommitDelay) ' | sed 's/ \{2,\}/ /g'
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echo "-- probing -XX:+ZAdaptiveHeapSizing"
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"$h/bin/java" -XX:+UseZGC -XX:+ZAdaptiveHeapSizing -version 2>&1 | grep -v Picked | sed -n 1p
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echo
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done
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} > "$OUT/01-flag-probe.txt"
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# 02 - startup versus initial heap size
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{
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for p in "jdk25|$J25" "jdk27|$J27" "jdk28ea|$J28"; do
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l=${p%%|*}; h=${p#*|}
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"$HERE/startup.sh" "$h" "$l zgc default" "$RUNS" -XX:+UseZGC
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"$HERE/startup.sh" "$h" "$l zgc Xms64m" "$RUNS" -XX:+UseZGC -Xms64m
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"$HERE/startup.sh" "$h" "$l zgc Xms1g" "$RUNS" -XX:+UseZGC -Xms1g
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"$HERE/startup.sh" "$h" "$l zgc Xms3g" "$RUNS" -XX:+UseZGC -Xms3g
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"$HERE/startup.sh" "$h" "$l zgc Xms3g pretouch" "$RUNS" -XX:+UseZGC -Xms3g -XX:+AlwaysPreTouch
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done
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} > "$OUT/02-startup-vs-xms.txt" 2>&1
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# 03 - warmup: how long do the first 20,000 requests take?
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{
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for p in "jdk25|$J25" "jdk28ea|$J28"; do
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l=${p%%|*}; h=${p#*|}
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"$HERE/warmup.sh" "$h" "$l zgc default" -XX:+UseZGC
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"$HERE/warmup.sh" "$h" "$l zgc Xms3g" -XX:+UseZGC -Xms3g
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"$HERE/warmup.sh" "$h" "$l zgc Xms64m" -XX:+UseZGC -Xms64m
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done
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} > "$OUT/03-warmup.txt" 2>&1
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Executable
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#!/usr/bin/env bash
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# Usage: startup.sh <java-home> <label> <runs> [jvm args...]
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# Starts the Spring Boot jar, polls /hello until HTTP 200, and prints wall-clock ms from
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# process start to first response plus the committed heap one second later. One line per run,
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# then a summary line (min / median / max).
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set -u
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JH=$1; LABEL=$2; RUNS=$3; shift 3
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JAR="$(dirname "$0")/../target/jdk28-zgc-1.0.0.jar"
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PORT=${PORT:-18080}
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times=()
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for r in $(seq 1 "$RUNS"); do
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t0=$(date +%s%N)
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"$JH/bin/java" "$@" -jar "$JAR" --server.port=$PORT --spring.main.banner-mode=off \
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--logging.level.root=WARN > /dev/null 2>&1 &
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PID=$!
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while :; do
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code=$(curl -s -o /dev/null -m 1 -w '%{http_code}' "localhost:$PORT/hello")
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[ "$code" = 200 ] && break
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kill -0 $PID 2>/dev/null || { echo "$LABEL run $r: JVM exited early"; break; }
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sleep 0.02
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done
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t1=$(date +%s%N)
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ms=$(( (t1 - t0) / 1000000 ))
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sleep 1
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committed=$(curl -s "localhost:$PORT/heap" | sed -n 's/.*"committedMiB":\([0-9]*\).*/\1/p')
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echo "$LABEL run $r: first-response ${ms} ms, committed heap ${committed} MiB"
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times+=("$ms")
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kill $PID 2>/dev/null; wait $PID 2>/dev/null
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done
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sorted=($(printf '%s\n' "${times[@]}" | sort -n))
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n=${#sorted[@]}
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echo "$LABEL SUMMARY: min ${sorted[0]} ms, median ${sorted[$((n/2))]} ms, max ${sorted[$((n-1))]} ms (n=$n)"
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Executable
+18
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#!/usr/bin/env bash
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# Usage: warmup.sh <java-home> <label> [jvm args...]
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# Starts the server, waits for the first response, then runs Warmup.java (always on the same
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# client JDK, JDK_CLIENT) so only the server JVM changes between runs.
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set -u
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JH=$1; LABEL=$2; shift 2
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HERE="$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd)"
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JAR="$HERE/../target/jdk28-zgc-1.0.0.jar"
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PORT=${PORT:-18080}
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CLIENT=${JDK_CLIENT:-$JH}
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"$JH/bin/java" "$@" -jar "$JAR" --server.port=$PORT --spring.main.banner-mode=off \
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--logging.level.root=WARN > /dev/null 2>&1 &
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PID=$!
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until [ "$(curl -s -o /dev/null -m 1 -w '%{http_code}' localhost:$PORT/hello)" = 200 ]; do sleep 0.02; done
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echo "== $LABEL"
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"$CLIENT/bin/java" "$HERE/Warmup.java" $PORT 2>&1 | grep -v Picked
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curl -s "localhost:$PORT/heap" | sed -n 's/.*"committedMiB":\([0-9]*\),"maxMiB":\([0-9]*\).*/committed after load: \1 MiB (max \2 MiB)/p'; echo
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kill $PID 2>/dev/null; wait $PID 2>/dev/null
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