The n queens puzzle is the problem of placing eight chess queens on an n×n chessboard so that no two queens threaten each other. Thus, a solution requires that no two queens share the same row, column, or diagonal.

The knapsack problem or rucksack problem is a problem in combinatorial optimization: Given a set of items, each with a mass and a value, determine the number of each item to include in a collection so that the total weight is less than or equal to a given limit and the total value is as large as possible.

In 0-1 Knapsack, the restriction is that, one cannot select fraction of any item. He/She must select either whole item or try with alternate one.

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All pair shortest path algorithm is used to find shortest distance between each pair of vertices.

Kruskal’s algorithm is a minimum-spanning-tree algorithm where the algorithm finds an edge of the least possible weight that connects any two trees in the forest. It is a greedy algorithm in graph theory as it finds a minimum spanning tree for a connected weighted graph at each step.

Prim’s algorithm is a greedy algorithm that finds a minimum spanning tree for a connected weighted undirected graph.

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